Egress Windows

While “egress window” is often thought of as a specific type of window, it’s actually not a window style — it’s a function. An egress window is any window that’s designed to serve as an emergency exit (especially when located below grade), providing a safe and accessible escape route in case of fire or other emergencies.

What makes a window an “egress” window isn’t its design but its size and opening capacity, ensuring it meets building code requirements for safe exit.

Egress windows can come in a variety of styles, including:

  • Casement Windows: One of the most popular choices for egress because they open fully outward on a hinge, allowing the entire window space to be used as an exit.
  • Slider Windows: These slide horizontally along a track and can work as egress windows as long as they’re wide enough to provide the required clear opening space.
  • Hopper Windows: Often used in basements, these open inward from the top and can serve as egress windows if they meet the minimum height and width requirements.

No matter the style, for a window to qualify as an egress window in Ontario, it must meet specific size requirements to provide enough space for a person to exit quickly and safely. It’s not just about style — it’s about safety, compliance, and peace of mind.

At EcoTech Windows & Doors, we offer a wide range of egress window styles, all built to withstand Canada’s extreme weather while keeping your home safe, energy-efficient, and comfortable. Our expert team ensures your egress windows meet local building codes without sacrificing style or performance.

What is an Egress Window?

Simply put, it’s an escape window leading outside that is often installed in basements or bedrooms when there is no exterior door available in the event of an emergency. It should be easy for anyone to open from the inside, and not require the use of keys, tools or special knowledge.

To qualify as an egress window, it must provide an unobstructed opening, and – if located below grade – must have a window-well that is large enough for a person to escape into. These requirements are listed in the National Building Code of Canada and each province may have additional requirements. It’s best to speak with a product specialists for the most accurate information.

*Some conditions apply, book a free estimate with an EcoTech product specialist to learn more.

The Best Window Styles for Egress Windows

Casement, hung, and sliding windows are considered the best options for egress or basement windows because they meet the critical requirements for emergency escape and rescue.

These styles typically provide large, unobstructed openings that comply with building code standards for minimum width, height, and clear opening area.

Casement windows swing open fully, offering easy access, while double-hung and single-hung windows allow the bottom sash to open completely, creating a clear exit path. Sliding windows, when designed to meet egress requirements, provide a wide opening with minimal effort. Additionally, these styles are easy to operate from the inside, even in emergencies, making them safe and practical choices for egress situations.

Requirements for Egress Windows in Ontario

In Ontario, the requirements for egress or basement windows are outlined in the Ontario Building Code. These requirements ensure that windows provide a safe and accessible means of escape in case of an emergency, such as a fire. Below are the key requirements for egress or basement windows as per the Ontario Building Code:

Minimum Opening Size

  • Clear Opening Width: Must be at least 550 mm (21.7 inches).
  • Clear Opening Height: Must be at least 550 mm (21.7 inches).
  • Clear Opening Area: Must provide a minimum area of 0.35 m² (3.77 sq. ft).

Maximum Sill Height

The sill height of the basement window must not be more than 1,000 mm (39.4 inches) above the floor. This ensures the egress window is low enough for occupants, including elderly or children, to easily climb out in an emergency.

Operability

  • The egress window must be operable from the inside without the use of keys, tools or special knowledge.
  • It should open easily and remain open without needing to be held.

Location

  • The basement window must provide direct access to the exterior of the building.
  • If a window well is required (common for basement windows), it also must meet specific size and accessibility requirements:
    • Window Well Dimensions: The well must provide a minimum horizontal area of 0.7 m² (7.5 sq. ft) and a minimum horizontal projection of 550 mm (21.7 inches) from the window.
    • Ladder or Steps: If the window well is deeper than 1,000 mm (39.4 inches), it must have a permanently installed ladder or steps for safe exit.

Fire Safety Compliance

All egress or basement windows must not be obstructed by bars, grilles, or other fixtures – unless they are easily removable from the interior without tools.

Basement Bedroom Egress Requirements

If the basement includes a bedroom, at least one egress window must be provided in that bedroom that meets the above requirements.

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